Classified in: Science and technology, Business, Covid-19 virus
Subjects: EARNINGS, Conference Call, Webcast

Verint Announces Q4 and Full Year FY2020 Results

Verint^® Systems Inc. (NASDAQ: VRNT), a global Actionable Intelligence^® leader, today announced results for the three months and year ended January 31, 2020 (FY20). Revenue for the three months ended January 31, 2020 was $339 million on a GAAP basis and $349 million on a non-GAAP basis. Diluted EPS for the three months ended January 31, 2020 was $0.07 on a GAAP basis and $1.11 on a non-GAAP basis. Revenue for the year ended January 31, 2020 was $1,304 million on a GAAP basis and $1,336 million on a non-GAAP basis. Diluted EPS for the year ended January 31, 2020 was $0.43 on a GAAP basis and $3.59 on a non-GAAP basis.

"In FY20, we made significant progress with our three strategic objectives and are pleased to report strong execution of our Customer Engagement Cloud First strategy, our Cyber Intelligence Software Model strategy and our plan to separate our two businesses. In the current COVID-19 environment, we are highly engaged with our global base of customers helping them to navigate the new challenges they are facing. Our employees remain fully engaged, working either from home, or from offices that have been authorized to remain open, and we believe our business continuity plan is working well," said Dan Bodner, CEO.

Customer Engagement FY20 Highlights

• Cloud adoption accelerating at large enterprises: Cloud contracts with TCV > $1 million up 93% y-o-y
• Strong cloud revenue growth: Cloud revenue up about 45% y-o-y
• Strong SaaS bookings growth: New SaaS ACV up more than 70% y-o-y
• Recurring revenue: Percentage of software revenue that is recurring increased ~400 bps y-o-y to around 75%
• Large project from the Social Security Administration (revenue expected in FY21)
• See Tables 2, 4 and 7 for additional Customer Engagement financial information

"In Customer Engagement, the market continued its shift to the cloud, with a notable acceleration in large enterprises. We are pleased to report that all key cloud metrics were up significantly in FY20, with cloud revenue up about 45%, new SaaS ACV up more than 70%, and the percentage of software revenue that is recurring up approximately 400 basis points to around 75%. We are also pleased to announce that the Social Security Administration has selected Verint solutions for a large project, consisting of $35 million in perpetual software licenses, plus services and support, to be deployed in several stages. Revenue from this project was previously expected to be partially recognized in our FY20 fourth quarter. The project is being delayed due to appeals and we now expect it to contribute to revenue in FY21. In FY20 (excluding any revenue from this large project), we achieved high-single digit revenue growth on a constant currency basis. Looking ahead, Verint is well positioned for long-term market growth due to our large differentiated portfolio, cloud first go-to-market, and expanding cloud channel partnerships," Bodner added.

Current COVID-19 Environment for Customer Engagement
Bodner continued, "We are focused on helping our customers navigate their COVID-19 challenges and our solutions support them with the pressing issues they are facing, including the urgent need for advanced analytics, addressing the growth in self-service interactions and managing work from home dynamics. An example is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDC, a long-standing Verint customer. The CDC has recently experienced a huge spike in website traffic and we help them to leverage analytics to drive COVID-19 insights. The majority of our customers are large enterprises in financial services, healthcare, utilities, technology and government, where productivity, compliance, and fraud detection remain a high priority."

Cyber Intelligence FY20 Highlights

• Software Model Transition: Estimated Fully Allocated Gross Margins Up ~400bps y-o-y
• Estimated Fully Allocated Gross Profit Growth: Up 13% y-o-y
• Large Orders: Including one for ~$15 million, one for ~$10 million, and five for ~$5 million each
• See Tables 2, 5 and 7 for additional Cyber Intelligence financial information

"In Cyber Intelligence, advanced data mining software continues to play a critical role in accelerating security investigations and generating actionable insights to fight crime and terror. In FY20, we won many large contracts with an increased software mix, driving a 13% year-over-year increase in gross profit on an estimated fully allocated basis. Our software model transition, which was ahead of plan in FY20, provides our customers faster innovation and software refresh cycles to address security threats that are rapidly becoming more complex with increased data types and volume. Verint is well positioned to help our customers address these evolving threats and sustain growth over the long run," said Bodner.

Current COVID-19 Environment for Cyber Intelligence
Bodner concluded, "Our customers are responsible for maintaining law and order in times of peace and in times of crisis. We have been asked by governments around the world to address use cases directly related to the current COVID-19 environment, including helping them monitor and enforce quarantines from a centralized control center and scan the internet and social media for signs of increased criminal and terrorism activity in a time of greater uncertainty. With close working relationships with government and commercial organizations in more than 100 counties, we are committed to helping our customers keep the world safe."

Outlook
Doug Robinson, CFO, added, "Verint has a large customer base of more than 10,000 customers around the world and a very strong and differentiated portfolio. We had a successful FY20 and entered FY21 with a strong outlook. At this point, considering the rapidly changing conditions arising from COVID-19 and uncertainty about its potential impact, we are unable to provide guidance. In the event the global economy deteriorates due to the pandemic, we have a strong balance sheet with $3 billion of assets, including more than $550 million of cash and short-term investments. We believe we are well positioned to navigate the current environment, as we stay focused on supporting our customers and partners during this period."

Conference Call Information
We will conduct a conference call today at 4:30 p.m. ET to discuss our results for the three months and year ended January 31, 2020 and outlook. An online, real-time webcast of the conference call will be available on our website at www.verint.com. The conference call can also be accessed live via telephone at 1-844-309-0615 (United States and Canada) and 1-661-378-9462 (international) and the passcode is 2862907. Please dial in 5-10 minutes prior to the scheduled start time.

About Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This press release and the accompanying tables include non-GAAP financial measures. For a description of these non-GAAP financial measures, including the reasons management uses each measure, and reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures presented for completed periods to the most directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, please see the tables below as well as "Supplemental Information About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Operating Metrics" at the end of this press release.

About Verint Systems Inc.
Verint^® (Nasdaq: VRNT) is a global leader in Actionable Intelligence^® solutions with a focus on customer engagement optimization and cyber intelligence. Today, over 10,000 organizations in more than 180 countries?including over 85 percent of the Fortune 100?count on intelligence from Verint solutions to make more informed, effective and timely decisions. Learn more about how we're creating A Smarter World with Actionable Intelligence^® at www.verint.com.

Cautions About Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains forward-looking statements, including statements regarding expectations, predictions, views, opportunities, plans, strategies, beliefs, and statements of similar effect relating to Verint Systems Inc. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and they are based on management's expectations that involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other important factors, any of which could cause our actual results or conditions to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the forward-looking statements. Some of the factors that could cause our actual results or conditions to differ materially from current expectations include, among others: uncertainties regarding the impact of changes in macroeconomic and/or global conditions, including as a result of slowdowns, recessions, economic instability, political unrest, armed conflicts, natural disasters, or outbreaks of disease, such as the novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the resulting impact on information technology spending and government budgets, on our business; risks associated with our ability to keep pace with technological advances and challenges and evolving industry standards; to adapt to changing market potential from area to area within our markets; and to successfully develop, launch, and drive demand for new, innovative, high-quality products that meet or exceed customer needs, while simultaneously preserving our legacy businesses and migrating away from areas of commoditization; risks due to aggressive competition in all of our markets, including with respect to maintaining revenues, margins, and sufficient levels of investment in our business and operations; risks created by the continued consolidation of our competitors or the introduction of large competitors in our markets with greater resources than we have; risks associated with our ability to successfully compete for, consummate, and implement mergers and acquisitions, including risks associated with valuations, reputational considerations, capital constraints, costs and expenses, maintaining profitability levels, expansion into new areas, management distraction, post-acquisition integration activities, and potential asset impairments; risks relating to our ability to properly manage investments in our business and operations, execute on growth initiatives, and enhance our existing operations and infrastructure, including the proper prioritization and allocation of limited financial and other resources; risks associated with our ability to retain, recruit, and train qualified personnel in regions in which we operate, including in new markets and growth areas we may enter; risks that we may be unable to establish and maintain relationships with key resellers, partners, and systems integrators and risks associated with our reliance on third-party suppliers, partners, or original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") for certain components, products, or services, including companies that may compete with us or work with our competitors; risks associated with the mishandling or perceived mishandling of sensitive or confidential information, including information that may belong to our customers or other third parties, and with security vulnerabilities or lapses, including cyber-attacks, information technology system breaches, failures, or disruptions; risks that our products or services, or those of third-party suppliers, partners, or OEMs which we use in or with our offerings or otherwise rely on, including third-party hosting platforms, may contain defects, develop operational problems, or be vulnerable to cyber-attacks; risks associated with our significant international operations, including, among others, in Israel, Europe, and Asia, exposure to regions subject to political or economic instability, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, and challenges associated with a significant portion of our cash being held overseas; risks associated with political factors related to our business or operations, including reputational risks associated with our security solutions and our ability to maintain security clearances where required, as well as risks associated with a significant amount of our business coming from domestic and foreign government customers; risks associated with complex and changing local and foreign regulatory environments in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including, among others, with respect to trade compliance, anti-corruption, information security, data privacy and protection, tax, labor, government contracts, relating to our own operations as well as to the use of our solutions by our customers; challenges associated with selling sophisticated solutions, including with respect to assisting customers in understanding and realizing the benefits of our solutions, and developing, offering, implementing, and maintaining a broad and sophisticated solution portfolio; challenges associated with pursuing larger sales opportunities, including with respect to longer sales cycles, transaction reductions, deferrals, or cancellations during the sales cycle; risk of customer concentration; challenges associated with our ability to accurately forecast when a sales opportunity will convert to an order, or to accurately forecast revenue and expenses; challenges associated with our Customer Engagement segment cloud transition and our Cyber Intelligence segment software model transition, and risk of increased volatility of our operating results from period to period; risks that our intellectual property rights may not be adequate to protect our business or assets or that others may make claims on our intellectual property, claim infringement on their intellectual property rights, or claim a violation of their license rights, including relative to free or open source components we may use; risks that our customers delay or cancel orders or are unable to honor contractual commitments due to liquidity issues, challenges in their business, or otherwise; risks that we may experience liquidity or working capital issues and related risks that financing sources may be unavailable to us on reasonable terms or at all; risks associated with significant leverage resulting from our current debt position or our ability to incur additional debt, including with respect to liquidity considerations, covenant limitations and compliance, fluctuations in interest rates, dilution considerations (with respect to our convertible notes), and our ability to maintain our credit ratings; risks arising as a result of contingent or other obligations or liabilities assumed in our acquisition of our former parent company, Comverse Technology, Inc. ("CTI"), or associated with formerly being consolidated with, and part of a consolidated tax group with, CTI, or as a result of the successor to CTI's business operations, Mavenir, Inc., being unwilling or unable to provide us with certain indemnities to which we are entitled; risks relating to the adequacy of our existing infrastructure, systems, processes, policies, procedures, internal controls, and personnel, and our ability to successfully implement and maintain enhancements to the foregoing, for our current and future operations and reporting needs, including related risks of financial statement omissions, misstatements, restatements, or filing delays; risks associated with changing accounting principles or standards, tax laws and regulations, tax rates, and the continuing availability of expected tax benefits; risks associated with market volatility in the prices of our common stock and convertible notes based on our performance, third-party publications or speculation, or other factors and risks associated with actions of activist stockholders; risks associated with the planned issuance of preferred stock to an affiliate of Apax Partners, including with respect to completion of the transaction and Apax's resulting significant ownership position and potential that its interests will not be aligned with those of our common stockholders; and risks associated with the planned spin-off of our Cyber Intelligence Solutions business, including the possibility that the spin-off transaction may not be completed in the expected timeframe or at all, that it does not achieve the benefits anticipated, or that it negatively impacts our operations or stock price, including as a result of management distraction from our business. We assume no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statement, except as otherwise required by law. For a detailed discussion of these risk factors, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2020, when filed, and other filings we make with the SEC.

VERINT, ACTIONABLE INTELLIGENCE, THE CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT COMPANY, CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT SOLUTIONS and CYBER INTELLIGENCE SOLUTIONS are trademarks of Verint Systems Inc. or its subsidiaries. Verint and other parties may also have trademark rights in other terms used herein.

(1) Represents the stock-based compensation expenses applicable to cost of revenue, allocated proportionally based upon our year ended January 31, 2019, annual operations and service expense wages for each segment, which we believe provides a reasonable approximation for purposes of understanding the relative GAAP and non-GAAP gross margins of our two businesses.

(2) Represents the stock-based compensation expenses applicable to research and development, net and selling, general and administrative, allocated proportionally based upon our non-GAAP segment revenue for the year ended January 31, 2019, which we believe provides a reasonable approximation for purposes of understanding the relative non-GAAP operating margins of our two businesses.

(3) Represents our shared support expenses (as disclosed in footnote 17 to our January 31, 2020 Form 10-K, when filed), allocated proportionally based upon our non-GAAP segment revenue for the year ended January 31, 2019, which we believe provides a reasonable approximation for purposes of understanding the relative non-GAAP operating margins of our two businesses.

(4) Represents the portion of our acquisition expenses, net and restructuring expenses, separation expenses and other adjustments, allocated proportionally based upon our year ended January 31, 2019, annual non-GAAP segment revenue, which we believe provides a reasonable approximation for purposes of understanding the relative GAAP and non-GAAP gross margins and operating margins of our two businesses.

(5) Represents certain depreciation and amortization expenses, which are otherwise included in our non-GAAP operating income, allocated proportionally based upon our non-GAAP segment revenue for the year ended January 31, 2019, which we believe provides a reasonable approximation for purposes of understanding the relative adjusted EBITDA of our two businesses.

(1) For the three months ended January 31, 2020, non-GAAP other expense, net of $7.0 million was comprised of $5.9 million of interest and other expense, and $1.1 million of foreign exchange charges primarily related to balance sheet translations.

(2) Adjusted for financing fee amortization.

(1) Segment expenses include expenses incurred directly by our two segments.

(2) Shared support expenses include certain operating expenses that are provided by shared resources or are otherwise generally not controlled by segment management. The majority of which are for administrative support functions, such as information technology, human resources, finance, legal, and other general corporate support, and for occupancy expenses.

(1) Revenue for the three months and year ended January 31, 2020 at constant currency is calculated by translating current-period GAAP or non-GAAP foreign currency revenue (as applicable) into U.S. dollars using average foreign currency exchange rates for the three months and year ended January 31, 2019 rather than actual current-period foreign currency exchange rates.

For further information see "Supplemental Information About Constant Currency" at the end of this press release.

Verint Systems Inc. and Subsidiaries
Supplemental Information About Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Operating Metrics

This press release contains non-GAAP financial measures, consisting of non-GAAP revenue, non-GAAP software (includes cloud and support), non-GAAP professional services, non-GAAP recurring revenue, non-GAAP nonrecurring revenue, non-GAAP cloud revenue, non-GAAP SaaS revenue, non-GAAP optional managed services revenue, estimated fully allocated cost of revenue, estimated GAAP and non-GAAP fully allocated gross profit and gross margins, estimated GAAP and non-GAAP fully allocated research and development, net, estimated GAAP and non-GAAP fully allocated selling, general and administrative expenses, estimated GAAP and non-GAAP fully allocated operating income and operating margins, non-GAAP other income (expense), net, non-GAAP provision (benefit) for income taxes and non-GAAP effective income tax rate, non-GAAP net income attributable to Verint Systems Inc., non-GAAP net income per common share attributable to Verint Systems Inc., estimated fully allocated adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margins, net debt, non-GAAP segment expenses, non-GAAP shared support expenses and constant currency measures. The tables above include a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure for completed periods presented in this press release to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.

We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, used in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP measures, provide investors with useful supplemental information about the financial performance of our business by:

• facilitating the comparison of our financial results and business trends between periods, by excluding certain items that either can vary significantly in amount and frequency, are based upon subjective assumptions, or in certain cases are unplanned for or difficult to forecast,
• facilitating the comparison of our financial results and business trends with other technology companies who publish similar non-GAAP measures, and
• allowing investors to see and understand key supplementary metrics used by our management to run our business, including for budgeting and forecasting, resource allocation, and compensation matters.

We also make these non-GAAP financial measures available because a number of our investors have informed us that they find this supplemental information useful.

Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation as substitutes for, or superior to, comparable GAAP financial measures. The non-GAAP financial measures we present have limitations in that they do not reflect all of the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP, and these non-GAAP financial measures should only be used to evaluate our results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures do not represent discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business, and we may in the future incur expenses similar to or in addition to the adjustments made in these non-GAAP financial measures. Other companies may calculate similar non-GAAP financial measures differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

Our non-GAAP financial measures are calculated by making the following adjustments to our GAAP financial measures:

Revenue adjustments. We exclude from our non-GAAP revenue the impact of fair value adjustments required under GAAP relating to cloud services and customer support contracts acquired in a business acquisition, which would have otherwise been recognized on a stand-alone basis. We believe that it is useful for investors to understand the total amount of revenue that we and the acquired company would have recognized on a stand-alone basis under GAAP, absent the accounting adjustment associated with the business acquisition. Our non-GAAP revenue also reflects certain adjustments from aligning an acquired company's revenue recognition policies to our policies. We believe that our non-GAAP revenue measure helps management and investors understand our revenue trends and serves as a useful measure of ongoing business performance.

Amortization of acquired technology and other acquired intangible assets. When we acquire an entity, we are required under GAAP to record the fair values of the intangible assets of the acquired entity and amortize those assets over their useful lives. We exclude the amortization of acquired intangible assets, including acquired technology, from our non-GAAP financial measures because they are inconsistent in amount and frequency and are significantly impacted by the timing and size of acquisitions. We also exclude these amounts to provide easier comparability of pre- and post-acquisition operating results.

Stock-based compensation expenses. We exclude stock-based compensation expenses related to restricted stock awards, stock bonus programs, bonus share programs, and other stock-based awards from our non-GAAP financial measures. We evaluate our performance both with and without these measures because stock-based compensation is typically a non-cash expense and can vary significantly over time based on the timing, size and nature of awards granted, and is influenced in part by certain factors which are generally beyond our control, such as the volatility of the price of our common stock. In addition, measurement of stock-based compensation is subject to varying valuation methodologies and subjective assumptions, and therefore we believe that excluding stock-based compensation from our non-GAAP financial measures allows for meaningful comparisons of our current operating results to our historical operating results and to other companies in our industry.

Unrealized gains and losses on certain derivatives, net. We exclude from our non-GAAP financial measures unrealized gains and losses on certain foreign currency derivatives which are not designated as hedges under accounting guidance. We exclude unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency derivatives that serve as economic hedges against variability in the cash flows of recognized assets or liabilities, or of forecasted transactions. These contracts, if designated as hedges under accounting guidance, would be considered "cash flow" hedges. These unrealized gains and losses are excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures because they are non-cash transactions which are highly variable from period to period. Upon settlement of these foreign currency derivatives, any realized gain or loss is included in our non-GAAP financial measures.

Amortization of convertible note discount. Our non-GAAP financial measures exclude the amortization of the imputed discount on our convertible notes. Under GAAP, certain convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion are required to be bifurcated into separate liability (debt) and equity (conversion option) components in a manner that reflects the issuer's assumed non-convertible debt borrowing rate. For GAAP purposes, we are required to recognize imputed interest expense on the difference between our assumed non-convertible debt borrowing rate and the coupon rate on our $400.0 million of 1.50% convertible notes. This difference is excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures because we believe that this expense is based upon subjective assumptions and does not reflect the cash cost of our convertible debt.

Acquisition expenses, net. In connection with acquisition activity (including with respect to acquisitions that are not consummated), we incur expenses, including legal, accounting, and other professional fees, integration costs, changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations, and other costs. Integration costs may consist of information technology expenses as systems are integrated across the combined entity, consulting expenses, marketing expenses, and professional fees, as well as non-cash charges to write-off or impair the value of redundant assets. We exclude these expenses from our non-GAAP financial measures because they are unpredictable, can vary based on the size and complexity of each transaction, and are unrelated to our continuing operations or to the continuing operations of the acquired businesses.

Restructuring expenses. We exclude restructuring expenses from our non-GAAP financial measures, which include employee termination costs, facility exit costs, certain professional fees, asset impairment charges, and other costs directly associated with resource realignments incurred in reaction to changing strategies or business conditions. All of these costs can vary significantly in amount and frequency based on the nature of the actions as well as the changing needs of our business and we believe that excluding them provides easier comparability of pre- and post-restructuring operating results.

Separation expenses. On December 4, 2019, we announced our intention to separate into two independent publicly traded companies: one which will consist of our Customer Engagement Solutions business, and one which will consist of our Cyber Intelligence Solutions business. We are incurring significant expenses to prepare for this separation, including third-party advisory, accounting, legal, consulting, and other similar services related to the separation as well as costs associated with the operational separation of the two businesses, including those related to human resources, brand management, real estate, and information technology (which IT expenses are included in Separation expenses to the extent not capitalized). Separation expenses also include incremental cash income taxes related to the reorganization of legal entities and operations in order to effect the separation. These costs are incremental to our normal operating expenses and are being incurred solely as a result of the separation transaction. Accordingly, we are excluding these separation expenses from our non-GAAP financial measures in order to evaluate our performance on a comparable basis.

Impairment charges and other adjustments. We exclude from our non-GAAP financial measures asset impairment charges (other than those already included within restructuring or acquisition activity), rent expense for redundant facilities, gains or losses on sales of property, gains or losses on settlements of certain legal matters, and certain professional fees unrelated to our ongoing operations, including $7.9 million of fees and expenses related to a shareholder proxy contest that was settled during three months ended July 31, 2019, all of which are unusual in nature and can vary significantly in amount and frequency.

Non-GAAP income tax adjustments. We exclude our GAAP provision (benefit) for income taxes from our non-GAAP measures of net income attributable to Verint Systems Inc., and instead include a non-GAAP provision for income taxes, determined by applying a non-GAAP effective income tax rate to our income before provision for income taxes, as adjusted for the non-GAAP items described above. The non-GAAP effective income tax rate is generally based upon the income taxes we expect to pay in the reporting year. Our GAAP effective income tax rate can vary significantly from year to year as a result of tax law changes, settlements with tax authorities, changes in the geographic mix of earnings including acquisition activity, changes in the projected realizability of deferred tax assets, and other unusual or period-specific events, all of which can vary in size and frequency. We believe that our non-GAAP effective income tax rate removes much of this variability and facilitates meaningful comparisons of operating results across periods. Our non-GAAP effective income tax rate for the year ended January 31, 2020 is 8%, and was 11% for the year ended January 31, 2019. We evaluate our non-GAAP effective income tax rate on an ongoing basis and it can change from time to time. Our non-GAAP income tax rate can differ materially from our GAAP effective income tax rate.

Customer Engagement Revenue Metrics and Operating Metrics

Software (includes cloud and support) includes, software licenses, appliances, SaaS and optional managed services.

Cloud revenue, on both a GAAP and non-GAAP basis, primarily consists of SaaS and optional managed services.

SaaS revenue includes bundled SaaS, software with standard managed services and unbundled SaaS that we account for as term licenses where managed services are purchased separately.

Optional Managed Services is recurring services that are intended to improve our customers operations and reduce expenses.

New SaaS Annual Contract Value (ACV) includes the annualized contract value of all new SaaS contracts received within the period; in cases where SaaS is offered to partners through usage-based contracts, we include the incremental value of usage contracts over a rolling four quarters.

New Perpetual License Equivalent Bookings are used to normalize between perpetual and SaaS bookings and measure overall software growth. We calculate new perpetual license equivalent bookings by multiplying New SaaS ACV bookings (excluding bookings from maintenance conversions, except for the uplift) by a conversion factor of 2.0 and adding that amount to perpetual license bookings. The conversion factor of 2.0 is an estimate that is derived from an analysis of our historical bookings and may change over time. Management uses perpetual license equivalent bookings to understand our performance, including our software growth and SaaS/perpetual license mix. This metric should not be viewed in isolation from other operating metrics that we make available to investors. The New Perpetual License Equivalent Bookings calculation was adjusted in Q4 for the full year to exclude bookings from maintenance conversion, except for uplift.

Cyber Intelligence Recurring and Nonrecurring Revenue Metrics

Recurring revenue, on both a GAAP and non-GAAP basis, primarily consists of initial and renewal support, subscription software licenses, and SaaS in certain limited transactions.

Nonrecurring revenue, on both a GAAP and non-GAAP basis, primarily consists of our perpetual licenses, long-term projects including software customizations that are recognized over time using a percentage of completion ("POC") method, consulting, implementation and installation services, training, and hardware.

We believe that recurring and nonrecurring revenue provide investors with useful insight into the nature and sustainability of our revenue streams. The recurrence of these revenue streams in future periods depends on a number of factors including contractual periods and customers' renewal decisions. Please see "Revenue adjustments" above for an explanation for why we present these revenue numbers on both a GAAP and non-GAAP basis.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure defined as net income (loss) before interest expense, interest income, income taxes, depreciation expense, amortization expense, revenue adjustments, restructuring expenses, acquisition expenses, and other expenses excluded from our non-GAAP financial measures as described above. We believe that adjusted EBITDA is also commonly used by investors to evaluate operating performance between companies because it helps reduce variability caused by differences in capital structures, income taxes, stock-based compensation, accounting policies, and depreciation and amortization policies. Adjusted EBITDA is also used by credit rating agencies, lenders, and other parties to evaluate our creditworthiness.

Net Debt

Net Debt is a non-GAAP measure defined as the sum of long-term and short-term debt on our consolidated balance sheet, excluding unamortized discounts and issuance costs, less the sum of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, restricted cash equivalents, restricted bank time deposits, and restricted investments (including long-term portions), and short-term investments. We use this non-GAAP financial measure to help evaluate our capital structure, financial leverage, and our ability to reduce debt and to fund investing and financing activities, and believe that it provides useful information to investors.

Supplemental Information About Constant Currency

Because we operate on a global basis and transact business in many currencies, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates can affect our consolidated U.S. dollar operating results. To facilitate the assessment of our performance excluding the effect of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, we calculate our GAAP and non-GAAP revenue, cost of revenue, and operating expenses on both an as-reported basis and a constant currency basis, allowing for comparison of results between periods as if foreign currency exchange rates had remained constant. We perform our constant currency calculations by translating current-period foreign currency results into U.S. dollars using prior-period average foreign currency exchange rates or hedge rates, as applicable, rather than current period exchange rates. We believe that constant currency measures, which exclude the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, facilitate the assessment of underlying business trends.

Unless otherwise indicated, our financial outlook for revenue, operating margin, and diluted earnings per share, which is provided on a non-GAAP basis, reflects foreign currency exchange rates approximately consistent with rates in effect when the outlook is provided.

We also incur foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the revaluation and settlement of monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in currencies other than the entity's functional currency. We periodically report our historical non-GAAP diluted net income per share both inclusive and exclusive of these net foreign exchange gains or losses. Our financial outlook for diluted earnings per share includes net foreign exchange gains or losses incurred to date, if any, but does not include potential future gains or losses.

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