Brookdale Announces Third Quarter 2020 Results

NASHVILLE, Tenn., Nov. 4, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- Brookdale Senior Living Inc. (NYSE: BKD) ("Brookdale" or the "Company") announced results for the quarter ended September 30, 2020.

THIRD QUARTER 2020 HIGHLIGHTS

• During the quarter, the Company completed a lease restructuring transaction with Ventas, Inc. ("Ventas") and reduced its expected aggregate cash rent by approximately $500 million over the remaining, unchanged initial lease term ending December 31, 2025.
• Liquidity was $491 million at September 30, 2020, and the Company completed two refinancing transactions during the quarter resulting in no significant debt maturities until 2022.
• 95% of the Company's communities are open for move-ins on October 31, 2020, reflecting the Company's strong infection control protocols and focus on testing.
• Same community RevPOR increased sequentially by 60 basis points.

Lucinda ("Cindy") Baier, Brookdale's President and CEO, said, "During the third quarter, we built upon our prior successful efforts to effectively navigate through the pandemic with operational improvements and transactions to strengthen our financial position. We've been an agile, learning organization and continue our efforts to innovate for our residents' enjoyment and to welcome more seniors into our communities. On October 31, 2020, 95% of our communities were open to move-ins and approximately 1% of our residents had current COVID-19 positive test results. During the quarter, we completed the most significant lease improvement in our history as well as two important refinancing transactions. We have no large debt maturities until 2022. We have been focused on both mission and margin and I am very proud of our associates' dedication to the health and well-being of our residents, patients and each other."

SUMMARY OF THIRD QUARTER RESULTS

Consolidated

The table below presents a summary of consolidated operating results.

• Resident fee revenue.
• Excluding the impact of transactions and the lease accounting standard, consolidated resident fee revenue decreased 9.4% over the prior year quarter.
• Consolidated RevPAR decreased $303, or 7.4%, to $3,806 compared to the prior year third quarter as a result of a decrease in consolidated weighted average occupancy of 890 basis points, offset by an increase in consolidated RevPOR of $176, or 3.6%, to $5,056.
• Consolidated senior housing occupancy was 75.0% as of September 30, 2020 compared to 77.8% as of June 30, 2020. The Company estimates that the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in $76.5 million and $15.1 million of lost resident fee revenue for its consolidated senior housing and Health Care Services segments, respectively, for the third quarter of 2020, based on its pre-COVID-19 expectations.
• The implementation of the Patient-Driven Grouping Model ("PDGM") resulted in an additional decrease to revenue for home health services.
• Management fee revenue. The decrease was primarily due to the transition of management arrangements on 64 net communities since July 1, 2019, generally for management arrangements on certain former unconsolidated ventures in which the Company sold its interest and interim management arrangements on formerly leased communities.
• Other operating income.
• During the second quarter and third quarter of 2020, the Company accepted $33.5 million and $2.6 million, respectively, of cash for grants from the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund administered by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (the "Provider Relief Fund"). The grants are subject to the terms and conditions of the program, including that such funds may only be used to prevent, prepare for, and respond to COVID-19 and will reimburse only for healthcare related expenses or lost revenues that are attributable to COVID-19.
• The Company recognized $8.6 million of grants from the Provider Relief Fund and $2.2 million from other government grants as other operating income during the third quarter of 2020.
• Facility operating expense.
• Excluding the impact of transactions, the lease accounting standard, and incremental direct COVID-19 costs, facility operating expense decreased $36.4 million, or 6.3%, primarily due to decreases in certain costs as the Company intentionally scaled back certain activities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and a decrease in labor costs for home health services as a result of the lower census and as the Company adjusted its home health services operational structure, to better align its facility operating expenses and business model with the new payment model. The decreases were partially offset by the impact of wage rate increases on labor expenses.
• The Company incurred $24.5 million of incremental direct costs during the third quarter of 2020 to address the COVID-19 pandemic, including costs for: acquisition of personal protective equipment ("PPE"), medical equipment, and cleaning and disposable food service supplies, enhanced cleaning and environmental sanitation, increased labor, increased workers compensation and health plan expense, consulting and professional services, and COVID-19 testing of residents and associates where not otherwise covered by government payor or third-party insurance sources.
• General and administrative expense. The decrease in general and administrative expense was primarily attributable to a reduction in the Company's travel costs as it intentionally scaled back such activities and a reduction in the Company's corporate headcount, as it scaled its general and administrative costs in connection with community dispositions. The decrease was partially offset by a $2.3 million increase in transaction and organizational restructuring costs compared to the prior year quarter.
• Net income (loss). The decrease in net income (loss) compared to the prior year quarter was primarily attributable to the revenue and facility operating expense factors previously discussed.
• Adjusted EBITDA. The decrease in Adjusted EBITDA compared to the prior year quarter was primarily attributable to the $119.2 million one-time cash lease payment, as well as the revenue and facility operating expense factors previously discussed.
• COVID-19 Impact.
• The Company has adopted a framework for determining when to ease restrictions at each of its communities based on several criteria, including regulatory requirements and guidance, completion of baseline testing at the community, and the community having no current confirmed positive COVID-19 cases. Under this framework, the Company began easing restrictions on a community-by-community basis in July 2020 where regulatory requirements and guidance allow, which easing may have included permitting outdoor, and in some cases, indoor visits with families, reduced capacity communal dining, and limited communal activities programming. During the third quarter of 2020, the Company also returned to using in-person prospective resident visits for a majority of its communities. However, several large markets continue with virtual-only prospective resident visits. Approximately 98% of the Company's communities were accepting new residents by the end of September 2020 compared to 86% of its communities as of June 30, 2020.
• In July 2020, the Company completed proactive baseline testing of residents and associates at all of its communities. Through October 31, 2020, the Company's testing program has accumulated over 185,000 test results. Approximately 1% of the Company's residents on October 31, 2020 are currently confirmed positive for COVID-19.
• The number of move-ins increased as the third quarter of 2020 progressed, lessening the decline in occupancy in sequential months. The year-over-year decrease in monthly move-ins of the Company's same community portfolio has moderated from 64.2% in April 2020 to 22.9% in September 2020, and move-ins for the third quarter of 2020 improved 38.0% sequentially from the second quarter of 2020. Despite the improvement in move-ins, the Company's same community weighted average occupancy has declined in each month of the pandemic, from 83.0% in March 2020 to 74.4% in September 2020, and was 74.0% in October 2020.
• The Company's home health average daily census increased sequentially from the second quarter of 2020 after decreasing in March and April 2020 due to lower occupancy in its communities and fewer elective medical procedures and hospital discharges, resulting in a 14.4% year-over-year decline in home health average daily census for the third quarter of 2020.

Same Community Senior Housing (Independent Living (IL), Assisted Living and Memory Care (AL/MC), and CCRCs)

The table below presents a summary of same community operating results and metrics of the Company's consolidated senior housing portfolio.⁽³⁾

• Resident fees. Same community resident fees decreased $47.4 million to $565.9 million attributable to the decrease in occupancy, partially offset by the increase in RevPOR.
• Facility operating expense.
• The year-over-year increase was primarily due to $20.4 million of incremental direct costs incurred during the third quarter of 2020 to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic.
• The increase in same community facility operating expense compared to the prior year quarter was partially offset by decreases in repairs and maintenance costs and food and supplies costs due to the reduced occupancy during the period.

Health Care Services

• Resident fee revenue.
• Health Care Services revenue decreased primarily due to the decline in the Company's home health average daily census as a result of lower occupancy in the Company's communities and fewer elective medical procedures and hospital discharges.
• The implementation of the PDGM, an alternate home health case mix adjustment methodology with a 30-day unit of payment, beginning January 1, 2020, also resulted in a decrease in revenue for home health services.
• Facility operating expense.
• The year-over-year decrease in facility operating expense was primarily attributable to a decrease in labor costs for home health services as a result of the lower census and as the Company adjusted its home health services operational structure, to better align its facility operating expenses and business model with the new payment model.
• The decrease in facility operating expenses was partially offset by $2.4 million of incremental direct costs to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic incurred during the third quarter of 2020.

LIQUIDITY

The table below presents a summary of the Company's net cash provided by (used in) operating activities, Adjusted Free Cash Flow, and liquidity.

• Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities. The year-over-year decrease in net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was primarily attributable to the $119.2 million one-time cash lease payment and a decrease in same community revenue compared to the prior year period.
• Adjusted Free Cash Flow. The decrease in Adjusted Free Cash Flow compared to the prior year third quarter was attributable to the decrease in net cash provided by (used in) operating activities partially offset by a $36.2 million decrease in non-development capital expenditures, net compared to the prior year period.
• Total Liquidity. Total liquidity as of September 30, 2020, decreased $109.5 million from June 30, 2020, primarily attributable to the $119.2 million one-time cash lease payment. On August 31, 2020, the Company terminated its $250 million revolving credit facility and obtained $266.9 million of non-recourse mortgage financing on 16 communities, most of which had secured the credit facility prior to its termination. At the closing, the Company repaid the $166.4 million outstanding principal amount under the credit facility, together with accumulated interest, without payment of any termination fee or penalty, and the Company cash collateralized the letters of credit outstanding under the credit facility.

TRANSACTION AND FINANCING UPDATE

• Ventas Transaction: On July 26, 2020, the Company entered into definitive agreements with Ventas to restructure its 120 community (10,174 units) triple-net master lease arrangements, as further described in the press release issued on July 27, 2020. In addition, the Company conveyed to Ventas five communities in full satisfaction of $78.4 million principal amount of indebtedness secured by the communities and manages the communities subsequent to the closing. Pursuant to the multi-part transaction, the Company paid a $119.2 million one-time cash payment to Ventas on July 27, 2020 and reduced the Company's annual rent under the amended and restated master lease.
• Refinancing Activity: During August and September 2020, the Company closed on two non-recourse mortgage debt financing transactions totaling $487.4 million, with the proceeds used to refinance the majority of the Company's remaining 2021 maturities and repay the outstanding amount on the Company's former revolving credit facility as described above.
• Community Dispositions: During the third quarter of 2020, the Company completed the sale of one owned community (297 units) for total cash proceeds of $32.6 million, net of transaction costs, and terminated the lease on two communities (148 units).
• Leased Community Acquisition: On August 31, 2020, the Company acquired one formerly leased community (103 units) pursuant to the exercise of a purchase option for a purchase price of $25.0 million.

OUTLOOK

Given the unprecedented nature of COVID-19 and rapidly changing developments, the Company will continue to be agile and adjust its local community response to help protect its residents, associates, and patients. As the Company cannot predict the ultimate impact of the duration, severity, and breadth of the pandemic for the United States, key factors that may impact the Company's financial performance and liquidity for the remainder of 2020 include:

• The Company's consolidated weighted average occupancy was 73.8% for October 2020 and 95% of communities were accepting move-ins on October 31, 2020. On average, the Company has seen move-in volume at communities with fewer restrictions fare better than those with higher restrictions.
• The Company is pleased that it has welcomed new residents into its communities during the pandemic and is monitoring the current resurgence. Barring a severe resurgence, the Company expects the sequential decline in quarterly consolidated occupancy will again moderate.
• The Company expects to increase its marketing investments for communities that are able to welcome visitors and move-ins to drive future resident awareness and referrals.
• Communities impacted by COVID-19 infections are likely to incur increased costs for the use of a higher volume of PPE and medical supplies and other related expenses.
• The Company's census for Health Care Services is expected to move directionally with elective medical procedure and hospital discharge trends and the occupancy trend within the Company's senior housing segment.
• The Company has applied for additional grants made available pursuant to the Provider Relief Fund's Phase 2 General Distribution, generally related to the Company's senior housing segments. The amount of such grants are expected to be based on 2% of a portion of the Company's 2018 revenues from patient care, and the Company expects to receive up to approximately $50 million of grants from this allocation. There can be no assurance that the Company will qualify for, or receive, grants in the amount it expects.
• In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company delayed or canceled a number of elective capital expenditure projects. As a result, the Company expects the fourth quarter non-development capital expenditures, net of anticipated lessor reimbursements, to be approximately $35 million, and development capital expenditures to be approximately $5 million. For the full year, this reflects a $50 million and $15 million reduction to pre-pandemic non-development and development plans, respectively.
• The Company expects that changes in working capital will require the use of approximately $25 million of cash in the fourth quarter of 2020.

SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION

The Company will post on its website at www.brookdale.com/investor supplemental information relating to the Company's third quarter 2020 results, an updated investor presentation, and a copy of this earnings release. The supplemental information and a copy of this earnings release will also be furnished in a Form 8-K to be filed with the SEC.

EARNINGS CONFERENCE CALL

Brookdale's management will conduct a conference call to review the financial results for the third quarter of 2020 on November 5, 2020 at 9:00 AM ET. The conference call can be accessed by dialing (866) 900-2996 (from within the U.S.) or (706) 643-2685 (from outside of the U.S.) ten minutes prior to the scheduled start and referencing "Brookdale".

A webcast of the conference call will be available to the public on a listen-only basis at www.brookdale.com/investor. Please allow extra time prior to the call to visit the site and download the necessary software required to listen to the internet broadcast. A replay of the webcast will be available through the website following the call.

For those who cannot listen to the live call, a replay will be available until 11:59 PM ET on November 19, 2020 by dialing (855) 859-2056 (from within the U.S.) or (404) 537-3406 (from outside of the U.S.) and referencing access code "3699832".

ABOUT BROOKDALE SENIOR LIVING

Brookdale Senior Living Inc. is the leading operator of senior living communities throughout the United States. The Company is committed to providing senior living solutions primarily within properties that are designed, purpose-built, and operated to provide the highest-quality service, care, and living accommodations for residents. Brookdale operates and manages independent living, assisted living, memory care, and continuing care retirement communities, with 726 communities in 44 states and the ability to serve approximately 65,000 residents as of September 30, 2020. The Company also offers a range of home health, hospice, and outpatient therapy services to over 17,000 patients as of that date. Brookdale's stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol BKD.

DEFINITIONS OF RevPAR AND RevPOR

RevPAR, or average monthly senior housing resident fee revenue per available unit, is defined by the Company as resident fee revenue for the corresponding portfolio for the period (excluding Health Care Services segment revenue and entrance fee amortization, and, for the 2019 periods, the additional resident fee revenue recognized as a result of the application of the lease accounting standard ASC 842), divided by the weighted average number of available units in the corresponding portfolio for the period, divided by the number of months in the period.

RevPOR, or average monthly senior housing resident fee revenue per occupied unit, is defined by the Company as resident fee revenue for the corresponding portfolio for the period (excluding Health Care Services segment revenue and entrance fee amortization, and, for the 2019 periods, the additional resident fee revenue recognized as a result of the application of the lease accounting standard ASC 842), divided by the weighted average number of occupied units in the corresponding portfolio for the period, divided by the number of months in the period.

SAFE HARBOR

Certain statements in this press release and the associated earnings conference call may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties and include all statements that are not historical statements of fact and those regarding the Company's intent, belief or expectations, including those related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking terminology such as "may," "will," "should," "could," "would," "potential," "intend," "expect," "endeavor," "seek," "anticipate," "estimate," "believe," "project," "predict," "continue," "plan," "target," or other similar words or expressions. These forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions and expectations, and the Company's ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Although the Company believes that expectations reflected in any forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, it can give no assurance that its assumptions or expectations will be attained, and actual results and performance could differ materially from those projected. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's operations and future prospects or which could cause events or circumstances to differ from the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the response efforts of federal, state, and local government authorities, businesses, individuals and the Company, on the Company's business, results of operations, cash flow, liquidity, and strategic initiatives, including plans for future growth, which will depend on many factors, some of which cannot be foreseen, including the duration, severity, and breadth of the pandemic and any resurgence of the disease, the impact of COVID-19 on the nation's economy and debt and equity markets and the local economies in the Company's markets, the development and availability of COVID-19 testing, therapeutic agents, and vaccines and the prioritization of such resources among businesses and demographic groups, government financial and regulatory relief efforts that may become available to business and individuals, including our ability to qualify for and satisfy the terms and conditions of financial relief; perceptions regarding the safety of senior living communities during and after the pandemic, changes in demand for senior living communities and the Company's ability to adapt its sales and marketing efforts to meet that demand, changes in the acuity levels of the Company's new residents, the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on seniors generally and those residing in the Company's communities, the duration and costs of the Company's response efforts, including increased equipment, supplies, labor, litigation, testing, and other expenses, the impact of COVID-19 on the Company's ability to complete financings, refinancings, or other transactions (including dispositions) or to generate sufficient cash flow to cover required interest and lease payments and to satisfy financial and other covenants in the Company's debt and lease documents, increased regulatory requirements, including unfunded mandatory testing, increased enforcement actions resulting from COVID-19, including those that may limit the Company's collection efforts for delinquent accounts and the frequency and magnitude of legal actions and liability claims that may arise due to COVID-19 or the Company's response efforts; events which adversely affect the ability of seniors to afford resident fees, including downturns in the economy, housing markets, consumer confidence or the equity markets and unemployment among family members, which may be adversely impacted by the pandemic; changes in reimbursement rates, methods or timing under governmental reimbursement programs including the Medicare and Medicaid programs; the impact of ongoing healthcare reform efforts; the effects of senior housing construction and development, oversupply and increased competition; disruptions in the financial markets, including those related to the pandemic, that affect the Company's ability to obtain financing or extend or refinance debt as it matures and the Company's financing costs; the risks associated with current global economic conditions, including changes related to the pandemic, and general economic factors such as inflation, the consumer price index, commodity costs, fuel and other energy costs, costs of salaries, wages, benefits, and insurance, interest rates, and tax rates; the impact of seasonal contagious illness or an outbreak of COVID-19 or other contagious disease in the markets in which the Company operates; the Company's ability to generate sufficient cash flow to cover required interest and long-term lease payments and to fund its planned capital projects, which may be adversely affected by the pandemic; the effect of the Company's indebtedness and long-term leases on its liquidity; the effect of the Company's non-compliance with any of its debt or lease agreements (including the financial covenants contained therein), including the risk of lenders or lessors declaring a cross default in the event of non-compliance with any such agreements and the risk of loss of the Company's property securing leases and indebtedness due to any resulting lease terminations and foreclosure actions; the potential phasing out of LIBOR which may increase the costs of the Company's debt obligations; increased competition for or a shortage of personnel or wage pressures resulting from increased competition, low unemployment levels, minimum wage increases and changes in overtime laws, and union activity; failure to maintain the security and functionality of the Company's information systems, to prevent a cybersecurity attack or breach, or to comply with applicable privacy and consumer protection laws, including HIPAA; the Company's inability to achieve or maintain profitability; the Company's ability to complete pending or expected disposition, acquisition, or other transactions on agreed upon terms or at all, including in respect of the satisfaction of closing conditions, the risk that regulatory approvals are not obtained or are subject to unanticipated conditions, and uncertainties as to the timing of closing, and the Company's ability to identify and pursue any such opportunities in the future; the Company's ability to obtain additional capital on terms acceptable to the Company; the Company's ability to complete its capital expenditures in accordance with its plans; the Company's ability to identify and pursue development, investment, and acquisition opportunities and its ability to successfully integrate acquisitions; competition for the acquisition of assets; delays in obtaining regulatory approvals; terminations, early or otherwise, or non-renewal of management agreements; conditions of housing markets, regulatory changes, acts of nature, and the effects of climate change in geographic areas where the Company is concentrated; terminations of the Company's resident agreements and vacancies in its living spaces, which may be adversely impacted by the pandemic; departures of key officers and potential disruption caused by changes in management; risks related to the implementation of the Company's strategy, including initiatives undertaken to execute on its strategic priorities and their effect the Company's results; actions of activist stockholders, including a proxy contest; market conditions and capital allocation decisions that may influence the Company's determination from time to time whether to purchase any shares under its existing share repurchase program and the Company's ability to fund any repurchases; the Company's ability to maintain consistent quality control; a decrease in the overall demand for senior housing, which may be adversely impacted by the pandemic; environmental contamination at any of the Company's communities; failure to comply with existing environmental laws; costs to defend against, or an adverse determination or resolution of, complaints filed against the Company; the cost and difficulty of complying with increasing and evolving regulation; costs to respond to, and adverse determinations resulting from, government reviews, audits and investigations; unanticipated costs to comply with legislative or regulatory developments; as well as other risks detailed from time to time in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), including those set forth in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements in such SEC filings. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements, which reflect management's views as of the date of this press release and/or associated earnings call. The Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and, except as required by law, the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect any change in its expectations with regard thereto or change in events, conditions, or circumstances on which any statement is based.

Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This earnings release contains the financial measures Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Free Cash Flow, which are not calculated in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). Presentations of these non-GAAP financial measures are intended to aid investors in better understanding the factors and trends affecting the Company's performance and liquidity. However, investors should not consider these non-GAAP financial measures as a substitute for financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP, including net income (loss), income (loss) from operations, or net cash provided by (used in) operating activities. Investors are cautioned that amounts presented in accordance with the Company's definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similar measures disclosed by other companies because not all companies calculate non-GAAP measures in the same manner. Investors are urged to review the reconciliations included below of these non-GAAP financial measures from the most comparable financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP performance measure that the Company defines as net income (loss) excluding: benefit/provision for income taxes, non-operating income/expense items, and depreciation and amortization; and further adjusted to exclude income/expense associated with non-cash, non-operational, transactional, cost reduction, or organizational restructuring items that management does not consider as part of the Company's underlying core operating performance and that management believes impact the comparability of performance between periods. For the periods presented herein, such other items include non-cash impairment charges, gain/loss on facility lease termination and modification, operating lease expense adjustment, amortization of deferred gain, change in future service obligation, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, and transaction and organizational restructuring costs. Transaction costs include those directly related to acquisition, disposition, financing, and leasing activity, and stockholder relations advisory matters, and are primarily comprised of legal, finance, consulting, professional fees, and other third party costs. Organizational restructuring costs include those related to the Company's efforts to reduce general and administrative expense and its senior leadership changes, including severance and retention costs.

The Company believes that presentation of Adjusted EBITDA as a performance measure is useful to investors because (i) it is one of the metrics used by the Company's management for budgeting and other planning purposes, to review the Company's historic and prospective core operating performance, and to make day-to-day operating decisions; (ii) it provides an assessment of operational factors that management can impact in the short-term, namely revenues and the controllable cost structure of the organization, by eliminating items related to the Company's financing and capital structure and other items that management does not consider as part of the Company's underlying core operating performance and that management believes impact the comparability of performance between periods; and (iii) the Company believes that this measure is used by research analysts and investors to evaluate the Company's operating results and to value companies in its industry.

Adjusted EBITDA has material limitations as a performance measure, including: (i) excluded interest and income tax are necessary to operate the Company's business under its current financing and capital structure; (ii) excluded depreciation, amortization and impairment charges may represent the wear and tear and/or reduction in value of the Company's communities, goodwill and other assets and may be indicative of future needs for capital expenditures; and (iii) the Company may incur income/expense similar to those for which adjustments are made, such as gain/loss on sale of assets, facility lease termination and modification, or debt modification and extinguishment, non-cash stock-based compensation expense, and transaction and other costs, and such income/expense may significantly affect the Company's operating results.

The table below reconciles the Company's Adjusted EBITDA from its net income (loss).

Adjusted Free Cash Flow

Adjusted Free Cash Flow is a non-GAAP liquidity measure that the Company defines as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities before: distributions from unconsolidated ventures from cumulative share of net earnings, changes in prepaid insurance premiums financed with notes payable, changes in operating lease liability for lease termination, cash paid/received for gain/loss on facility lease termination and modification, and lessor capital expenditure reimbursements under operating leases; plus: property insurance proceeds and proceeds from refundable entrance fees, net of refunds; less: non-development capital expenditures and payment of financing lease obligations. Non-development capital expenditures are comprised of corporate and community-level capital expenditures, including those related to maintenance, renovations, upgrades, and other major building infrastructure projects for the Company's communities and is presented net of lessor reimbursements. Non-development capital expenditures do not include capital expenditures for community expansions, major community redevelopment and repositioning projects, and the development of new communities.

The Company believes that presentation of Adjusted Free Cash Flow as a liquidity measure is useful to investors because (i) it is one of the metrics used by the Company's management for budgeting and other planning purposes, to review the Company's historic and prospective sources of operating liquidity, and to review the Company's ability to service its outstanding indebtedness, pay dividends to stockholders, engage in share repurchases, and make capital expenditures, including development capital expenditures; (ii) it is used as a metric in the Company's performance-based compensation programs; and (iii) it provides an indicator to management to determine if adjustments to current spending decisions are needed.

Adjusted Free Cash Flow has material limitations as a liquidity measure, including: (i) it does not represent cash available for dividends, share repurchases, or discretionary expenditures since certain non-discretionary expenditures, including mandatory debt principal payments, are not reflected in this measure; (ii) the cash portion of non-recurring charges related to gain/loss on facility lease termination generally represent charges/gains that may significantly affect the Company's liquidity; and (iii) the impact of timing of cash expenditures, including the timing of non-development capital expenditures, limits the usefulness of the measure for short-term comparisons.

The table below reconciles the Company's Adjusted Free Cash Flow from its net cash provided by (used in) operating activities.

SOURCE Brookdale Senior Living Inc.